Do women face a glass ceiling at home? The division of household labor among dual-earner couples

In this paper, we use data on mixed-gender dual-earner couples in Southern and Western Europe to investigate how the division of unpaid household labor within varies depending ratio partners’ market wages. From analysis EU Statistics Income Living Conditions, first show that married or cohabiting women do twice as much work single with same income. Furthermore, women’s time spent home production does not vary relation couple’s relative wages Europe. We find a positive elasticity substitution between male female respect their within-couple Our identification is based predicting each country’s wage distributions gender-specific cells defined by age group education using all other countries. present evidence for presence “second-shift” face especially Europe, which may stem from regional gender norms.